England’s greatest, though controversial, foreign secretary. ‘A Conservative at home, a liberal abroad’ – he wanted to see constitutional monarchies replacing despotisms. Two China Wars saw England gaining Hong Kong, but he supported Italian unification and believed that British subjects should obey local laws – with exceptions where justice was likely to be available, conciliated Victoria by getting Albert the title of Prince consort and managed the House of Commons skilfully. ‘He loved his country and his country loved him’.